# WIA-a11y-wiabooks PHASE 1 — DATA-FORMAT Specification **Standard:** WIA-a11y-wiabooks **Phase:** 1 — DATA-FORMAT **Version:** 1.0 **Status:** Stable This document defines the canonical data-format layer for WIA-a11y-wiabooks. The standard covers persistent record shapes for digital book accessibility — EPUB 3 Accessibility conformance, alternative formats (DAISY-aligned navigable audio, refreshable Braille, large-print, simplified-language companions), reading-system capability negotiation, screen- reader and assistive-technology compatibility test results, and the per-publication accessibility statements that publishers issue to readers and to the regulators that oversee accessibility law (US ADA / Section 508, EU EAA 2025, KR Disability Discrimination Act). The format is consumed by accessibility metadata aggregators, screen-reader vendors, refreshable-Braille device manufacturers, EPUB reading systems, library and education-procurement platforms, and the operators of the wiabooks publishing infrastructure. References (CITATION-POLICY ALLOW only): - ISO 8601 (date and time representation) - ISO/IEC 11578 (UUID) - ISO/IEC 40500:2012 (Information technology — W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0; WCAG 2.1 and 2.2 referenced as community-managed updates) - ISO/IEC 23761 (Information technology — Document description and processing languages — DAISY 3 distribution format; the standard's WIA records reference the DAISY ANSI/NISO Z39.86-2005 base spec) - ANSI/NISO Z39.86-2005 (Specifications for the Digital Talking Book; cited as the canonical DAISY reference alongside the EPUB 3 successor spec) - W3C EPUB 3.3 (Open Container Format, Content Documents, Packages, Reading Systems) — community-managed - W3C EPUB Accessibility 1.1 (conformance and discoverability) - W3C EPUB Accessibility Techniques 1.1 - W3C MathML 3.0 (cited normatively for accessible math rendering in EPUB 3 reading systems) - W3C SSML 1.1 (Speech Synthesis Markup Language; cited as the per-passage pronunciation override format that publishers may attach for screen-reader rendering) - W3C PronunciationLexicon (PLS) 1.0 (per-publication pronunciation lexicons for screen-reader engines) - W3C ARIA 1.2 / DPub-ARIA 1.1 (accessible-rich-internet- applications roles for digital publications) - W3C SMIL 3.0 (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language; cited as the EPUB Media Overlays format that binds text to audio for synchronised navigable reading) - IETF RFC 4122 (UUID URN) - IETF RFC 8259 (JSON) - IETF RFC 9457 (Problem Details) - IETF RFC 5646 / BCP 47 (language tags) - ISO 15924 (script codes; relevant for Braille script selection across regions) - ISO/IEC 27001:2022 (information security management) - Schema.org `Accessibility*` properties (a11yMode, a11yFeature, a11yHazard, a11yAPI, a11ySummary; cited as the canonical metadata vocabulary for catalogue exchange) --- ## §1 Scope This PHASE defines persistent shapes for the artefacts a wiabooks accessibility programme manages. Implementations covered include: - EPUB 3 production toolchains that emit Accessibility-1.1- conformant EPUBs. - DAISY-aligned navigable-audio production for blind and print-disabled readers. - Refreshable-Braille production using the operating jurisdiction's Braille code (UEB / Korean Braille / kana Braille / equivalent). - Reading-system capability registries (Apple Books, Google Play Books, Kobo, Thorium, Readium-based readers, Voice Dream, Adobe Digital Editions, Calibre's reader pane). - Assistive-technology compatibility test platforms (NVDA, JAWS, VoiceOver, TalkBack, Orca, ZoomText, Dragon NaturallySpeaking, Switch Access). - Library and education-procurement platforms that filter catalogue by accessibility conformance. Print-format accessibility (large-print PDF rasterisation beyond what reflowable EPUB 3 produces) is out of scope; the wiabooks programme focuses on digital reading systems. ## §2 Programme Identifier ``` programmeId : string (uuidv7) programmeOperator : string (institutional identifier of the publishing operator) programmeRegistered : string (ISO 8601 / RFC 3339) publishingStreams : array of enum ("trade-fiction" | "trade-non-fiction" | "academic-textbook" | "professional-reference" | "k-12-education" | "higher-education" | "religious-publication" | "government-publication" | "research-monograph" | "user-defined") jurisdictionScope : array of string (ISO 3166-1; per jurisdiction the operator's accessibility-statement profile applies) accessibilityFramework : array of enum ("EPUB-Accessibility-1.1" | "WCAG-2.0-AA" | "WCAG-2.1-AA" | "WCAG-2.2-AA" | "DAISY-3" | "EAA-2025" | "ADA-Section-508" | "KR-Disability-Discrimination-Act" | "user-defined") programmeStatus : enum ("draft" | "operating" | "frozen" | "archived") ``` ## §3 Publication Identifier ``` publication: publicationId : string (uuidv7) programmeId : string (uuidv7) isbn : string (13-digit ISBN; absent for publications below the ISBN registration threshold) workTitle : string (UTF-8) primaryLanguage : string (BCP 47 tag — e.g. "ko-KR", "en-US", "ja-JP") authoredAt : string (ISO 8601 date) publicationStatus : enum ("draft" | "in-production" | "ready-for-distribution" | "distributed" | "withdrawn") primaryFormatRef : string (URI of the primary EPUB 3 distribution package) ``` ## §4 EPUB Accessibility Statement Record The EPUB Accessibility Statement is the publisher's per- publication declaration of conformance per W3C EPUB Accessibility 1.1 + Schema.org `Accessibility*` vocabulary. ``` accessibilityStatement: statementId : string (uuidv7) publicationId : string (uuidv7) conformanceProfile : enum ("EPUB-A-1.1-A" | "EPUB-A-1.1-AA" | "EPUB-A-1.1-AAA" | "EPUB-A-1.1-Optimised-Discovery-only" | "non-conformant-known-limitations") a11yMode : array of string (Schema.org accessMode vocabulary: "textual", "visual", "auditory", "tactile", "chartOnVisual", "mathOnVisual", "chemOnVisual", "diagramOnVisual", "musicOnVisual", "textOnVisual") a11yFeature : array of string (Schema.org accessibilityFeature: "alternativeText", "captions", "describedMath", "displayTransformability", "longDescription", "MathML", "readingOrder", "structuralNavigation", "tableOfContents", "taggedPDF", "transcript", "ttsMarkup", "synchronizedAudioText", "highContrastDisplay", "largePrint", "braille", "audioDescription", "signLanguage") a11yHazard : array of string (Schema.org accessibilityHazard: "flashing", "noFlashingHazard", "motionSimulation", "noMotionSimulationHazard", "sound", "noSoundHazard", "unknown") a11yAPI : array of string (Schema.org accessibilityAPI: "ARIA") a11ySummary : string (UTF-8; human-readable accessibility statement; localised per primary language) knownLimitations : array of string (per-limitation description for cases where the publication does not fully meet the declared conformance profile) certifiedBy : string (operator-internal certifier identifier; for AA / AAA conformance, the operator's accessibility- certification body) certifiedAt : string (ISO 8601) ``` ## §5 Alternative Format Record ``` alternativeFormat: formatId : string (uuidv7) publicationId : string (uuidv7) formatKind : enum ("epub-3-reflowable" | "epub-3-fixed-layout" | "epub-3-with-media-overlays" | "daisy-3-navigable-audio-only" | "daisy-3-full-text-and-audio" | "refreshable-braille-brf" | "refreshable-braille-pef" | "embossed-braille-pdf" | "large-print-pdf" | "simplified-language-companion" | "sign-language-video-companion") artefactRef : string (content-addressed URI of the format artefact) artefactDigest : string (SHA-256) brailleCodeRef : string (URI of the Braille code in use; e.g. "UEB-2023", "KR-Braille- Standard", "Japanese-Braille") audioVoiceRef : string (TTS / human narrator identifier for audio formats) derivationToolRef : string (URI of the derivation toolchain that produced the alternative format from the primary EPUB 3) ``` ## §6 Media Overlay Record (EPUB Synchronised Audio-Text) EPUB 3 Media Overlays use W3C SMIL 3.0 to bind text fragments to audio time intervals for synchronised navigable reading. ``` mediaOverlay: overlayId : string (uuidv7) publicationId : string (uuidv7) smilArtefactRef : string (content-addressed URI of the SMIL document) audioArtefactRef : string (content-addressed URI of the narration audio) textFragmentMap : object (per-fragment ID with start / end times in the audio; the SMIL document is canonical, this object is an indexable summary) narrationKind : enum ("human-narrator" | "tts-engine" | "hybrid") ttsLexiconRef : string (URI of the W3C PLS pronunciation lexicon when narration is TTS) ssmlOverridesRef : string (URI of W3C SSML 1.1 per-passage pronunciation overrides where the lexicon is insufficient) ``` ## §7 Assistive-Technology Compatibility Test Record ``` atCompatibilityTest: testId : string (uuidv7) publicationId : string (uuidv7) testedAt : string (ISO 8601) assistiveTechRef : enum ("nvda-windows" | "jaws-windows" | "voiceover-macos" | "voiceover-ios" | "talkback-android" | "orca-linux" | "zoomtext-windows" | "dragon-naturallyspeaking" | "switch-access-android" | "switch-control-ios" | "user-defined") assistiveTechVersion : string readingSystemRef : enum ("apple-books" | "google-play-books" | "kobo" | "thorium" | "readium-2" | "voice-dream" | "adobe-digital-editions" | "calibre-reader" | "user-defined") readingSystemVersion : string testResultsArtefactRef : string (URI of the test results archive — screenshots, captured screen-reader output, navigation trace) outcome : enum ("nominal" | "partial-functionality" | "blocked-defect-found" | "incompatible") defectsFiledRefs : array of string (URIs of defect tickets filed against publisher, AT vendor, or reading-system vendor) ``` ## §8 Per-Reader Reading Preference Record (Optional) ``` readingPreference: preferenceId : string (uuidv7) publicationId : string (uuidv7) readerTokenRef : string (opaque token for the reader; clinical reader identity in the operator's CRM, never on this API) preferredFormat : enum (matches §5 formatKind) preferredFontSize : integer (px; absent for non-visual readers) preferredHighContrast : boolean preferredReadingOrder : enum ("publisher-default" | "linear-reading-order" | "structural-reading-order") preferredTtsVoiceRef : string (TTS voice identifier where the reader uses TTS) preferredBrailleCodeRef : string (Braille code identifier where the reader uses Braille) ``` ## §9 Conformance Implementations claiming PHASE-1 conformance emit each of the records defined above for every published title and honour the EPUB Accessibility 1.1 conformance profile in §4. --- **Document Information:** - **Version:** 1.0 - **Phase:** 1 — DATA-FORMAT - **Status:** Stable - **Standard:** WIA-a11y-wiabooks - **Last Updated:** 2026-04-28