# WIA-AUTO-019 PHASE 4 — Integration Specification **Standard:** WIA-AUTO-019 **Phase:** 4 — Integration **Version:** 1.0 **Status:** Stable **Source:** synthesized from the original `PHASE-1-DATA-FORMAT.md` (quarter 4 of 4) --- ## 9. API Interface ### 9.1 Core Functions #### 9.1.1 Calculate Drag Force ```typescript interface DragCalculation { pressure: number; // Pa velocity: number; // m/s dragCoefficient: number; // dimensionless crossSectionArea: number; // m² } interface DragResult { force: number; // N power: number; // W energyPer100km: number; // kWh } ``` #### 9.1.2 Calculate Levitation Force ```typescript interface LevitationParams { magneticFieldStrength: number; // Tesla effectiveArea: number; // m² podMass: number; // kg levitationGap: number; // mm } interface LevitationResult { force: number; // N powerRequired: number; // kW gapStability: number; // 0-1 isStable: boolean; } ``` #### 9.1.3 Calculate Energy Consumption ```typescript interface JourneyParams { distance: number; // meters podMass: number; // kg maxSpeed: number; // m/s passengers: number; cargo: number; // kg elevationChange: number; // meters } interface EnergyResult { acceleration: number; // kWh cruising: number; // kWh braking: number; // kWh (negative = recovery) auxiliary: number; // kWh total: number; // kWh perPassenger: number; // kWh efficiency: number; // kWh/100km } ``` ### 9.2 Validation Functions #### 9.2.1 Validate Pod Design ```typescript interface PodDesign { length: number; // meters diameter: number; // meters mass: number; // kg dragCoefficient: number; passengerCapacity: number; cargoCapacity: number; // kg } interface ValidationResult { isValid: boolean; errors: string[]; warnings: string[]; metrics: { tubeAreaRatio: number; kantrowitzLimit: number; // m/s powerToWeight: number; // W/kg }; } ``` ### 9.3 Simulation Functions #### 9.3.1 Simulate Journey ```typescript interface SimulationParams { origin: string; destination: string; podType: string; passengers: number; departureTime: Date; } interface SimulationResult { duration: number; // seconds distance: number; // meters maxSpeed: number; // m/s averageSpeed: number; // m/s energyConsumption: EnergyResult; timeline: { phase: string; startTime: number; // seconds from start endTime: number; distance: number; speed: number; }[]; environmental: { co2Savings: number; // kg vs airplane energySavings: number; // kWh vs car }; } ``` --- ## 10. Safety Protocols ### 10.1 Pre-Departure Checklist - [ ] Tube pressure verified < 150 Pa - [ ] Pod systems operational (levitation, propulsion, life support) - [ ] Communication systems tested - [ ] Passenger count confirmed - [ ] Emergency equipment verified - [ ] Route clear of obstacles - [ ] Weather conditions acceptable (for above-ground sections) - [ ] Braking systems tested - [ ] Energy storage charged - [ ] Control system handshake successful ### 10.2 Operating Limits **Maximum Speeds**: ``` Cruising: 1200 km/h (333 m/s) Curves (R>60km): 1000 km/h (278 m/s) Curves (R>30km): 800 km/h (222 m/s) Station Approach: 100 km/h (28 m/s) Emergency: 50 km/h (14 m/s) ``` **Pressure Limits**: ``` Normal Operation: 80-120 Pa Warning Threshold: 150 Pa Emergency Threshold: 500 Pa Critical: 1000 Pa (initiate evacuation) ``` **Acceleration Limits**: ``` Normal Acceleration: 0.5g Emergency Braking: 1.5g Lateral (curves): 0.15g Vertical (elevation): 0.1g ``` ### 10.3 Maintenance Schedules #### 10.3.1 Daily Inspections - Visual inspection of tube segments - Pressure monitoring system check - Pump performance verification - Emergency system test - Communication system test #### 10.3.2 Weekly Maintenance - Levitation system calibration - Motor winding inspection - Brake system test - Airlock seal inspection - Battery charge verification #### 10.3.3 Monthly Overhaul - Structural integrity assessment - Non-destructive testing (NDT) - Vacuum pump servicing - Emergency egress system drill - Software system updates #### 10.3.4 Annual Certification - Complete tube inspection - Full system load test - Emergency scenario simulation - Regulatory compliance audit - Safety equipment certification ### 10.4 Emergency Response #### 10.4.1 Response Teams ``` Level 1: On-site technicians (always present) Level 2: Emergency response team (15-minute response) Level 3: Specialized rescue team (60-minute response) Level 4: External emergency services (coordination) ``` #### 10.4.2 Evacuation Procedures **In-Tube Evacuation**: ``` 1. Stop pod at nearest emergency airlock (5 min) 2. Open emergency airlock (2 min) 3. Passengers enter airlock chamber (3 min) 4. Pressurize airlock to atmospheric (3 min) 5. Exit to surface via emergency stairs (10 min) Total Time: ~23 minutes ``` **Station Evacuation**: ``` 1. Alert all passengers (immediate) 2. Guide to emergency exits (2 min) 3. Evacuate via normal exits (5 min) 4. Muster at assembly point (3 min) Total Time: ~10 minutes ``` --- ## 11. References ### 11.1 Technical Papers 1. Musk, E. (2013). "Hyperloop Alpha" 4. Opgenoord, M.M.J., Caplan, P.C. (2018). "Aerodynamic Design of the Hyperloop Concept" ### 11.2 Standards References - ISO 2631: Mechanical vibration and shock - IEC 61375: Electronic railway equipment - Train communication network - EN 14067: Railway applications - Aerodynamics - ASME BPVC: Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - NFPA 130: Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit Systems ### 11.3 Physical Constants | Constant | Symbol | Value | |----------|--------|-------| | Atmospheric pressure | P₀ | 101,325 Pa | | Air density (STP) | ρ₀ | 1.225 kg/m³ | | Gas constant | R | 8.314 J/mol·K | | Magnetic permeability | μ₀ | 4π × 10⁻⁷ H/m | | Gravitational acceleration | g | 9.81 m/s² | | Speed of sound (air) | c | 340 m/s | ### 11.4 WIA Standards - WIA-INTENT: Intent-based transportation interfaces - WIA-OMNI-API: Universal transportation API - WIA-ENERGY: Energy management and optimization - WIA-SOCIAL: Social mobility coordination - WIA-QUANTUM: Quantum-secure communication --- ## Appendix A: Example Calculations ### A.1 Drag Force at Cruising Speed ``` Given: - Pressure: 100 Pa - Velocity: 300 m/s (1080 km/h) - Drag coefficient: 0.15 - Cross-sectional area: 5.72 m² Air density at 100 Pa: ρ = 0.0012 kg/m³ Calculation: F_drag = 0.5 × 0.0012 × (300)² × 0.15 × 5.72 F_drag = 46.5 N Power required: P = F × v = 46.5 × 300 = 13,950 W ≈ 14 kW Comparison to atmospheric pressure: At 101,325 Pa: F_drag ≈ 46,500 N (1000× more!) ``` ### A.2 Energy for 600 km Journey ``` Given: - Distance: 600 km - Pod mass: 15,000 kg - Max speed: 300 m/s - Passengers: 28 Acceleration energy: E_accel = 0.5 × 15,000 × (300)² E_accel = 675 MJ = 187.5 kWh Cruising energy (drag): E_cruise = F_drag × d = 46.5 × 600,000 E_cruise = 27.9 MJ = 7.75 kWh Auxiliary systems: E_aux = 100 kW × 0.583 hours = 58.3 kWh Total energy required: E_total = 187.5 + 7.75 + 58.3 = 253.55 kWh With regenerative braking (75% recovery): E_recovered = 187.5 × 0.75 = 140.6 kWh E_net = 253.55 - 140.6 = 112.95 kWh Per passenger: E_per_passenger = 112.95 / 28 = 4.03 kWh Comparison: - Airplane: 900 kWh per passenger (223× more!) - Car: 200 kWh per passenger (50× more!) - High-speed rail: 20 kWh per passenger (5× more!) ``` --- **弘益人間 (홍익인간) · Benefit All Humanity** *WIA-AUTO-019 Specification v1.0* *© 2025 SmileStory Inc. / WIA* *MIT License* ## Annex E — Implementation Notes for PHASE-4-INTEGRATION The following implementation notes document field experience from pilot deployments and are non-normative. They are republished here so that early adopters can read them in context with the rest of PHASE-4-INTEGRATION. - **Operational scope** — implementations SHOULD declare their operational scope (single-tenant, multi-tenant, federated) in the OpenAPI document so that downstream auditors can score the deployment against the correct conformance tier in Annex A. - **Schema evolution** — additive changes (new optional fields, new error codes) are non-breaking; renaming or removing fields, even in error payloads, MUST trigger a minor version bump. - **Audit retention** — a 7-year retention window is sufficient to satisfy ISO/IEC 17065:2012 audit expectations in most jurisdictions; some regulators require longer retention, in which case the deployment policy MUST extend the retention window rather than relying on this PHASE's defaults. - **Time synchronization** — sub-second deadlines depend on synchronized clocks. NTPv4 with stratum-2 servers is sufficient for most deadlines expressed in this PHASE; PTP is recommended for sites that require deterministic interlocks. - **Error budget reporting** — implementations SHOULD publish a monthly error-budget summary (latency p95, error rate, violation hours) in the format defined by the WIA reporting profile to facilitate cross-vendor comparison without exposing tenant-specific data. These notes are not requirements; they are a reference for field teams mapping their existing operations onto WIA conformance. ## Annex F — Adoption Roadmap The adoption roadmap for this PHASE document is non-normative and is intended to set expectations for early implementers about the relative stability of each section. - **Stable** (sections marked normative with `MUST` / `MUST NOT`) — semantic versioning applies; breaking changes require a major version bump and at minimum 90 days of overlap with the prior major version on all WIA-published reference implementations. - **Provisional** (sections in this Annex and Annex D) — items are tracked openly and may be promoted to normative status without a major version bump if community feedback supports promotion. - **Reference** (test vectors, simulator behaviour, the reference TypeScript SDK) — versioned independently of this document so that mistakes in reference material can be corrected without amending the published PHASE document. Implementers SHOULD subscribe to the WIA Standards GitHub release notifications to track promotions between these tiers. Comments on the roadmap are accepted via the GitHub issues tracker on the WIA-Official organization. The roadmap is reviewed at every minor version of this PHASE document, and the review outcomes are recorded in the version-history table at the start of the document. ## Annex G — Test Vectors and Conformance Evidence This annex describes how implementations capture and publish conformance evidence for PHASE-4-INTEGRATION. The procedure is non-normative; it standardizes the shape of evidence so that auditors and downstream integrators can compare implementations without re-running the full test matrix. - **Test vectors** — every normative requirement in this PHASE has at least one positive vector and one negative vector under `tests/phase-vectors/phase-4-integration/`. Implementations claiming conformance MUST run all vectors in CI and publish the resulting pass/fail matrix in their compliance package. - **Evidence package** — the compliance package is a tarball containing the SBOM (CycloneDX 1.5 or SPDX 2.3), the OpenAPI document, the test vector matrix, and a signed manifest. Signatures use Sigstore (DSSE envelope, Rekor transparency log entry) so that downstream consumers can verify provenance without trusting a private CA. - **Quarterly recheck** — implementations re-publish the evidence package every quarter even if no source change occurred, so that consumers can detect environmental drift (compiler updates, dependency updates, OS updates) without polling vendor changelogs. - **Cross-vendor crosswalk** — the WIA Standards working group maintains a crosswalk that maps each vector to the equivalent assertion in adjacent industry programs (where one exists), so an implementer that already certifies under one program can show conformance to PHASE-4-INTEGRATION with reduced incremental effort. - **Negative-result reporting** — vendors MUST report negative results with the same fidelity as positive ones. A test that is skipped without recorded justification is treated by auditors as a failure. These conventions are intended to make conformance evidence portable and machine-readable so that adoption of PHASE-4-INTEGRATION does not require bespoke auditor tooling. ## Annex H — Versioning and Deprecation Policy This annex codifies the versioning and deprecation policy for PHASE-4-INTEGRATION. It is non-normative; the rules below describe the policy that the WIA Standards working group commits to when amending this PHASE document. - **Semantic versioning** — major / minor / patch components follow Semantic Versioning 2.0.0 (https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html). Major bump indicates a backwards-incompatible change to a normative requirement; minor bump indicates new normative requirements that do not break existing implementations; patch bump indicates editorial changes only (clarifications, typo fixes, formatting). - **Deprecation window** — when a normative requirement is removed or altered in a backwards-incompatible way, the prior major version is maintained in parallel for at least 180 days. During the parallel window, both major versions are marked Stable in the WIA Standards registry and either may be cited as "WIA-conformant". - **Sunset notification** — deprecated major versions enter a 12-month sunset window during which the WIA registry marks the version as Deprecated. The deprecation entry includes a migration note pointing to the replacement requirement(s) and an explanation of why the change was made. - **Editorial errata** — patch-level errata are issued without a deprecation window because they do not change normative behaviour. Errata are tracked in a public errata register and each entry is signed by the WIA Standards working group chair. - **Implementation changelog mapping** — implementations SHOULD publish a changelog mapping each PHASE version they support to the specific build, container digest, or SDK version that satisfies the version. This allows downstream auditors to verify version conformance without re-running the entire test matrix on every release. The policy is reviewed at the same cadence as the PHASE document and any changes to the policy itself are tracked in the version-history table at the start of the document. ## Annex I — Interoperability Profiles This annex describes how implementations declare interoperability profiles for PHASE-4-INTEGRATION. The profile mechanism is non-normative and exists so that deployments of varying scope (single tenant, regional cluster, federated network) can advertise the subset of normative requirements they satisfy without misrepresenting partial conformance as full conformance. - **Profile manifest** — every implementation publishes a profile manifest in JSON. The manifest enumerates the normative requirement IDs from this PHASE that are satisfied (`status: "supported"`), partially satisfied (`status: "partial"`, with a reason field), or excluded (`status: "excluded"`, with a justification). The manifest is signed using the same Sigstore key used for the SBOM in Annex G. - **Federation profile** — federated deployments publish an aggregated manifest summarizing the union and intersection of member-implementation profiles. The aggregated manifest is consumed by directory services so that callers can route a request to the least common denominator profile required for an interaction. - **Backwards-profile compatibility** — when a deployment migrates from one profile to a wider profile, the prior profile manifest remains valid and signed for the deprecation window defined in Annex H. This preserves audit traceability for auditors evaluating long-term interoperability. - **Profile registry** — the WIA Standards working group maintains a public registry of named profiles. Common deployment shapes (e.g., "Edge-only", "Federated-with-replay") are added to the registry by consensus. Registry entries are immutable; new shapes are added under new names rather than amending existing entries. - **Profile versioning** — profile names are versioned with the same Semantic Versioning rules described in Annex H. A deployment that advertises `WIA-P4-INTEGRATION-Edge-only/2` is asserting conformance with the second major version of the named profile, not the second deployment of an unversioned profile. The profile mechanism is intentionally lightweight; it is meant to make real deployment shapes visible without forcing every deployment to satisfy every normative requirement. ## Annex J — Reference Implementation Topology The reference implementation topology described in this annex is non-normative; it documents the deployment shape that the WIA Standards working group used to validate the test vectors in Annex G and is intended as a starting point, not a recommendation against alternative topologies. - **Single-tenant edge** — one runtime per organization, no shared state. Used for early-pilot deployments where conformance evidence is published manually. Sufficient for PHASE-4-INTEGRATION validation when the organization signs the manifest itself. - **Multi-tenant gateway** — one shared runtime serves multiple tenants via header-based isolation. Typically backed by a rate-limited gateway (Envoy or NGINX) and a shared OAuth 2.1 identity provider. The manifest is per-tenant; the runtime publishes a federation manifest that aggregates tenant manifests. - **Federated mesh** — multiple runtimes peer to one another and publish their manifests to a directory service. Each peer signs its own manifest; the directory service signs the aggregated index. This is the topology used by cross-organization deployments that need to compose conformance. - **Air-gapped batch** — no network connection between the runtime and the directory service. The runtime emits a signed evidence package on each batch and the operator transports the package via out-of-band channels. This is the topology used by regulators that prohibit live connectivity from sensitive environments. Implementations declare their topology in the manifest (see Annex I). A topology change MUST be reflected in a new manifest signature; the prior topology's manifest remains valid for the deprecation window described in Annex H to preserve audit traceability.