Chapter 8: WIA-MEDICAL-RESEARCH-DATA Standard

8.1 Standard Overview

The WIA-MEDICAL-RESEARCH-DATA standard provides a comprehensive framework for managing, sharing, and preserving medical research data throughout its lifecycle. Built on FAIR principles and the WIA 4-phase architecture (Data, API, Protocol, Integration), this standard enables interoperable, ethical, and sustainable research data management.

Guided by the principle of 弘益人間 (Hongik Ingan) - "Benefit All Humanity" - this standard aims to maximize the value of research investments by making data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable while protecting participant privacy and respecting researcher contributions.

8.2 WIA 4-Phase Architecture

The WIA-MEDICAL-RESEARCH-DATA standard implements the WIA 4-phase architecture pattern:

Phase	Name	Purpose	Components
Phase 1	Data Layer	Information modeling	Dataset, Metadata, Provenance models
Phase 2	API Layer	Programmatic access	Discovery, Access, Management APIs
Phase 3	Protocol Layer	System communication	OAI-PMH, SWORD, Signposting
Phase 4	Integration Layer	External connectivity	ORCID, DOI, Federated networks

8.3 Phase 1: Data Layer Specification

The Data Layer defines core information models for research data management:

Core Data Models

Dataset Model

{
  "id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.123456",
  "identifier": [{
    "identifierType": "DOI",
    "identifier": "10.5281/zenodo.123456"
  }],
  "title": "Diabetes Biomarker Study Dataset",
  "creator": [{
    "name": "Smith, John",
    "nameIdentifier": "0000-0001-2345-6789",
    "affiliation": "University Medical Center"
  }],
  "subject": [{
    "subject": "Diabetes Mellitus",
    "subjectScheme": "MeSH",
    "schemeURI": "http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh"
  }],
  "description": "Clinical and biomarker data from...",
  "publisher": "Zenodo",
  "publicationYear": "2024",
  "resourceType": "Dataset",
  "version": "2.0",
  "rights": [{
    "rights": "Creative Commons Zero v1.0",
    "rightsURI": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"
  }],
  "relatedIdentifier": [{
    "relatedIdentifierType": "DOI",
    "relatedIdentifier": "10.1234/journal.12345",
    "relationType": "IsSupplementTo"
  }]
}

Metadata Schema

{
  "schemaVersion": "4.4",
  "descriptive": {
    "title": "string",
    "creators": ["CreatorObject"],
    "subjects": ["SubjectObject"],
    "description": "string",
    "keywords": ["string"]
  },
  "administrative": {
    "publisher": "string",
    "publicationYear": "YYYY",
    "rights": "LicenseObject",
    "accessLevel": "open | registered | controlled | closed"
  },
  "technical": {
    "format": ["string"],
    "size": "bytes",
    "checksum": "MD5/SHA-256"
  },
  "provenance": {
    "created": "datetime",
    "modified": "datetime",
    "methodology": "string",
    "processing": ["ProcessingStep"]
  }
}

Access Request Model

{
  "requestId": "UUID",
  "datasetId": "DOI",
  "requestor": {
    "name": "string",
    "orcid": "0000-0001-2345-6789",
    "institution": "string",
    "email": "string"
  },
  "purpose": "string",
  "researchPlan": "string",
  "ethicsApproval": {
    "hasApproval": "boolean",
    "approvalNumber": "string",
    "approvalDocument": "URL"
  },
  "dataUseAgreement": {
    "accepted": "boolean",
    "version": "string",
    "acceptedDate": "datetime"
  },
  "status": "submitted | under_review | approved | denied",
  "requestDate": "datetime"
}

8.4 Phase 2: API Layer Specification

The API Layer provides programmatic access to research data infrastructure:

API Endpoints Overview

Category	Endpoint	Method	Description
Discovery	/api/v1/datasets	GET	Search datasets
	/api/v1/datasets/{id}	GET	Get dataset metadata
	/api/v1/datasets/{id}/files	GET	List dataset files
Access	/api/v1/access/request	POST	Submit access request
	/api/v1/access/{id}/status	GET	Check request status
	/api/v1/datasets/{id}/download	GET	Download dataset
Deposit	/api/v1/deposits	POST	Create new deposit
	/api/v1/deposits/{id}/files	POST	Upload files
	/api/v1/deposits/{id}/publish	POST	Publish deposit
Metrics	/api/v1/datasets/{id}/metrics	GET	Usage statistics
	/api/v1/datasets/{id}/citations	GET	Citation tracking

8.5 Phase 3: Protocol Layer Specification

The Protocol Layer enables interoperability between repositories and systems:

Supported Protocols

Protocol	Purpose	Standard
OAI-PMH	Metadata harvesting	Open Archives Initiative Protocol
SWORD	Repository deposit	Simple Web-service Offering Repository Deposit
Signposting	Resource discovery	FAIR Signposting Profile
ResourceSync	Content synchronization	ANSI/NISO Z39.99
DataCite	DOI registration	DataCite Metadata Schema 4.4

8.6 Phase 4: Integration Layer Specification

The Integration Layer connects research data infrastructure with the broader ecosystem:

Integration Patterns

System	Integration	Data Exchanged
ORCID	OAuth, API	Researcher identity, works
DOI/DataCite	API, metadata	Identifiers, citations
Federated Networks	Distributed queries	Discovery, aggregate stats
Institutional Systems	SSO, storage	Authentication, files
Preservation	Archival protocols	AIPs, checksums

8.7 FAIR Implementation

The standard ensures FAIR compliance through specific mechanisms:

Principle	Implementation
F1-F4	DOIs, DataCite metadata, OAI-PMH harvesting, Google Dataset Search
A1-A2	HTTPS, OAuth, persistent metadata, access statements
I1-I3	Standard schemas, ontologies, qualified references
R1-R1.3	Rich metadata, machine-readable licenses, provenance, community standards