Chapter 4: Phase 1 - Data Format
Standardized JSON Schemas for Integrative Medicine
4.1 Overview of Data Standards
The WIA-TRADITIONAL-MEDICINE data format establishes a common language for representing traditional medicine concepts in modern healthcare systems. The format is designed to be:
- Comprehensive: Captures the full richness of traditional diagnostic information
- Interoperable: Compatible with HL7 FHIR and other healthcare standards
- Multilingual: Preserves original terminology alongside translations
- Extensible: Allows for addition of new traditional medicine systems
- Validated: Includes schema validation for data quality
4.2 Constitutional Profile Schema
The constitutional profile is the core data structure that captures an individual's constitutional assessment across multiple traditional medicine systems:
{
"$schema": "https://wialive.smilestory.ai/schemas/traditional-medicine/v1.0.0",
"constitutional_profile": {
"profile_id": "uuid-v4-format",
"patient_id": "patient-reference",
"timestamp": "2025-01-15T09:30:00Z",
"practitioner_id": "practitioner-reference",
"tcm_constitution": {
"primary_type": "phlegm_dampness",
"secondary_types": ["qi_deficiency"],
"assessment_method": "CCMQ",
"score": {
"qi_deficiency": 0.35,
"yang_deficiency": 0.25,
"yin_deficiency": 0.40,
"phlegm_dampness": 0.55,
"damp_heat": 0.20,
"blood_stasis": 0.30,
"qi_stagnation": 0.45,
"special_diathesis": 0.15,
"balanced": 0.25
},
"confidence": 0.85
},
"ayurveda_prakriti": {
"vata": { "score": 0.30, "subdoshas": {} },
"pitta": { "score": 0.35, "subdoshas": {} },
"kapha": { "score": 0.55, "subdoshas": {} },
"dominant": "kapha",
"assessment_method": "prakriti_questionnaire"
},
"sasang_constitution": {
"type": "taeeum",
"confidence": 0.78,
"questionnaire_score": {},
"facial_analysis": { "ai_confidence": 0.82 },
"voice_analysis": { "ai_confidence": 0.75 }
},
"genomic_correlates": {
"metabolic_genes": {
"FTO": "rs9939609-A",
"PPARG": "Pro12Ala"
},
"pharmacogenomics": {
"CYP2D6": "*1/*1",
"CYP3A4": "*1/*1"
}
},
"microbiome_profile": {
"enterotype": "Bacteroides",
"diversity_index": 3.2,
"key_species": {}
}
}
}
4.3 Traditional Diagnosis Schema
The Four Examinations (望聞問切) are captured in a structured format:
{
"traditional_diagnosis": {
"diagnosis_id": "uuid-v4-format",
"patient_id": "patient-reference",
"practitioner_id": "practitioner-reference",
"timestamp": "2025-01-15T09:45:00Z",
"four_examinations": {
"inspection": {
"complexion": "pale_yellow",
"spirit": "normal",
"tongue": {
"body_color": "pale",
"body_shape": "teeth_marked",
"coating_color": "white",
"coating_thickness": "thick",
"moisture": "wet",
"image_url": "url-to-tongue-image",
"ai_analysis": {
"model": "WIA-TM-Tongue-v1",
"confidence": 0.89,
"findings": ["spleen_qi_deficiency", "dampness"]
}
}
},
"auscultation_olfaction": {
"voice": { "quality": "weak", "volume": "low" },
"breathing": { "pattern": "shallow" },
"body_odor": "none_notable"
},
"inquiry": {
"chief_complaint": "Fatigue, heavy sensation",
"onset": "3 months",
"ten_questions": {
"cold_heat": "cold_preference",
"perspiration": "spontaneous_sweating",
"appetite": "reduced",
"thirst": "not_thirsty",
"sleep": "excessive_sleepiness",
"bowel": "loose_stools",
"urination": "normal"
}
},
"palpation": {
"pulse": {
"rate": 68,
"rhythm": "regular",
"quality": ["slippery", "soft"],
"positions": {
"left_cun": { "quality": "moderate" },
"left_guan": { "quality": "soft" },
"left_chi": { "quality": "deep" },
"right_cun": { "quality": "slippery" },
"right_guan": { "quality": "soft" },
"right_chi": { "quality": "moderate" }
}
}
}
},
"pattern_diagnosis": {
"icd11_tm_code": "TM1:SF32.2",
"pattern_name": {
"en": "Spleen Qi Deficiency with Dampness",
"zh": "脾氣虛夾濕",
"ko": "비기허협습"
},
"zang_fu_involved": ["spleen", "stomach"],
"pathogenic_factors": ["dampness", "qi_deficiency"]
}
}
}
4.4 Herbal Medicine Database Schema
Each herbal medicine is documented with both traditional and modern pharmacological data:
{
"herbal_medicine": {
"herb_id": "HB-RenShen-001",
"names": {
"scientific": "Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.",
"chinese": "人參",
"pinyin": "Rén Shēn",
"korean": "인삼",
"japanese": "人参 (にんじん)",
"common_en": "Asian Ginseng"
},
"taxonomy": {
"kingdom": "Plantae",
"family": "Araliaceae",
"genus": "Panax",
"species": "ginseng",
"dna_barcode": "ATGC..."
},
"traditional_properties": {
"taste": ["sweet", "slightly_bitter"],
"temperature": "warm",
"meridians": ["spleen", "lung", "heart"],
"actions": [
"Tonifies Yuan Qi",
"Strengthens Spleen and Lung",
"Generates fluids",
"Calms the spirit"
],
"indications": [
"Qi deficiency",
"Fatigue",
"Poor appetite"
],
"contraindications": [
"Excess heat patterns",
"Yin deficiency with heat"
]
},
"modern_pharmacology": {
"active_compounds": [
{
"name": "Ginsenoside Rb1",
"pubchem_cid": "9898279",
"concentration_percent": 0.8,
"targets": ["PPARG", "AMPK"],
"pathways": ["insulin_signaling", "energy_metabolism"]
}
],
"network_pharmacology": {
"total_targets": 85,
"key_pathways": ["PI3K-Akt", "AMPK", "MAPK"]
}
},
"safety": {
"toxicity_class": "non_toxic",
"max_daily_dose_g": 9.0,
"pregnancy_category": "C",
"drug_interactions": [
{
"drug": "Warfarin",
"effect": "May reduce anticoagulant effect",
"severity": "moderate"
}
]
},
"quality_standards": {
"pharmacopoeia": ["ChP2020", "KP12", "JP18"],
"marker_compounds": ["Ginsenoside_Rg1", "Ginsenoside_Rb1"],
"minimum_content_percent": 0.3
}
}
}
4.5 Data Validation
The WIA-TRADITIONAL-MEDICINE standard includes JSON Schema definitions for validation:
- Required fields for each data type
- Enumerated values for standardized terminology
- Range constraints for numerical values
- Reference validation for related entities
Implementation Note: All schemas are published at https://wialive.smilestory.ai/schemas/traditional-medicine/ and can be used with standard JSON Schema validators. SDKs are available for TypeScript, Python, and Java.